¯On the 2nd Day of Christmas my true love sent to me...two turtle doves. ¯
The two turtle doves are the two testaments (old and new) in the Bible. What is the relationship between these two books? Read the following from:
http://www.gotquestions.org/difference-old-new-testaments.html
First of all the Old Testament (OT) lays the foundation for the teachings and events found in the New Testament. The Bible is a progressive revelation. If you skip the first half of any good book and try to finish it; you will have a hard time understanding the characters, the plot, and the ending. Even so, the New Testament is only completely understood when it is seen as being built upon the foundation of the events, characters, laws, sacrificial system, covenants, and promises of the Old Testament (OT).
If we only had the New Testament (NT), we would come to the gospels and not know why the Jews were looking for a Messiah (a Savior King). Without the OT, we would not understand why this Messiah was coming (see Isaiah 53); we would not have been able to identify Jesus of Nazareth as the Messiah through the many detailed prophecies that were given concerning Him (e.g.., His birth place (Micah 5:2); His manner of death (Psalm 22, especially vv. 1,7-8, 14-18; Psalm 69:21, etc.), His resurrection (Psalm 16:10), and many more details of His ministry (Isaiah 52:19f.; 9:2, etc.)).
Without the OT, we would not understand the Jewish customs that are mentioned in passing in the NT. We would not understand the perversions that the Pharisees had made to God's law as they added their tradition to it. We would not understand why He was so upset as He cleansed the temple courtyard. We would not understand that we can make use of the same wisdom that Christ used in His many replies to His adversaries (both human and demonic); (when I first read through the OT, having already read the gospels a couple of times, I was repeatedly surprised that saying that I thought were new with Jesus, were actually Him quoting God's previous revelation in OT verses).
In a similar fashion, the New Testament Gospels and Acts of the Apostles record many of the fulfillments of prophecies that were recorded hundreds of years earlier in the Old Testament. Many of these relate to first coming of the Messiah. In the circumstances of Jesus' birth, life, miracles, death, and resurrection as found in the Gospels we find the fulfillment of the Old Testament prophecies that relate to the Messiah's first coming. It is these details that validate Jesus' claim to be the promised Christ. And even the prophecies in the New Testament (many of which are in the Book of Revelation) are built upon earlier prophecies found in Old Testament books. These NT prophecies relate to events surrounding the second coming of Christ. Roughly two out of three verses in Revelation are based on OT verses.
Also, because the revelation in Scripture is progressive, the NT brings into focus teachings that were merely alluded to in the Old Testament. The Book of Hebrews describes how Jesus is the true High Priest and His one sacrifice replaces all of the sacrifices that were mere portrayals of that sacrifice. The Old Testament gives the Law which has two parts: the commandments and the blessing/curse that comes from obedience/disobedience to those commands. The New Testament clarifies that God gave those commandments to show men their need of salvation and were never intended to be a means of salvation (Romans 3:19).
While the New Testament is the "clear" picture, the OT is nonetheless important. Likewise, without the OT we would not understand the promises He will yet fulfill to the Jewish nation.
Meditate upon Paul’s words to Timothy in 2 Tim. 3:15-17
15 and how from infancy you have known the holy Scriptures, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. 16 All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, 17 so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work. (NIV)
The Holy Scriptures that Paul refers to here is the Old Testament writings (Law, Prophets and the Writings). I like to think of the two testaments as the New Testament providing characters upon an elaborate painting that the Old Testament paints.
This is really what a “typology” is. In the Old Testament there was a representation (type) of Jesus which was fulfilled within the New Testament. Look closely at the stained glass picture below, what do you observe?
(click on the thumbnail on the left to see a more detailed picture)
The Stained Glass in Jesus College, Oxford (1852)
In each pane of glass there is an Old Testament picture on the bottom half and a New Testament picture on the top half. The bottom picture represents a type of Christ and the top picture represents the fulfillment of this typology (the anti-type). The picture above is taken from outside (thus inverted) but the one on the right is from the inside of Jesus college.
(click on the thumbnail on the left to see a more detailed picture)
Here are the types and anti-types for each panes of the glass in the picture above:
1) God creating Adam …
the Nativity, in which God created the New Adam;
2) Moses striking the rock/sweetening the waters of Marah …
John baptizing Christ,
3) The Passover in the plagues of Egypt…
The Last Supper of Christ,
4) The brazen serpent in the Desert…
The Crucifixion of Christ,
5) Jonah being disgorged by Leviathan…
The Resurrection of Christ,
6) God giving the law to Moses/Moses and Aaron passing on the priesthood…
Christ preaching in the Temple,
7) Elijah's chariot…
Christ's ascension in the presence of the Apostles.
Go to the following to see some other extraordinary stained glass images from the Jesus College Chapel:
http://chapel.jesus.cam.ac.uk/tour/
Tim Buhler
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